The Standard · What a national count would take
Verified · introduced Jan 2025
The fix already has a name

A national count isn't a new idea. It's a stalled one.

Every Congress since 2019, the same bill has been filed to make abortion reporting complete — the Ensuring Accurate and Complete Abortion Data Reporting Act. It doesn't create a registry of people. It applies the reporting standard the country already uses for cancer and deaths.

S.178 Ensuring Accurate and Complete Abortion Data Reporting Act of 2025
Sponsor
Sen. Joni Ernst (R-IA)
Status
Referred to Senate Finance
Cosponsors
8 (all R)
House companion
H.R. 627
What changes

From "if a state feels like it" to one shared rule

The count today

Voluntary, since 1969

  • States choose whether to send data to the CDC.
  • Four states sat out the most recent collection.
  • Definitions vary, so numbers aren't comparable.
  • The bill's own findings note not one abortion data point is publicly reported for all 50 states and D.C.
How it actually works

Four moving parts

The bill can't simply order states around — so it uses the same tool the federal government uses for most national standards: it attaches the requirement to money the states already take. Tap each part.

01The lever — tie it to Medicaid
The bill amends Title XIX of the Social Security Act, making abortion reporting to the CDC a condition of receiving federal Medicaid family-planning payments. States keep full control of their own laws — but to keep drawing those federal dollars, they report. A funding condition, not a federal takeover.
Precedent · how most federal standards are set
02The tool — standardized questions
The CDC develops one standardized set of questions — variables like maternal demographics and methods of abortion — that every reporting area answers. That's what turns 50 different state formats into one comparable national dataset, the same move that made cancer statistics comparable across every registry.
Precedent · NAACCR uniform cancer standards
03The data — aggregate, de-identified
States report counts and characteristics — totals, gestational age, method — not patient identities. It's the same category of de-identified aggregate data the CDC's system already handles today, and the same kind cancer and mortality surveillance are built on. The bill's design keeps individual privacy intact.
Precedent · every existing CDC health count
04The runway — two years to comply
States get two full years to implement — realistic, since most already collect this data and many already share it. The bill also lets the HHS Secretary, through the CDC, request additional information beyond the core set, with those extra requests staying voluntary.
Precedent · phased public-health rollouts
Core variables the questions standardize:
Maternal demographics
Gestational age
Method of abortion
State of residence
Both sides, straight

The argument, honestly stated

This is contested policy — and the divide runs right through the data itself. Here's each side at its strongest.

The case for

Count it like everything else

The country already runs complete, mandatory counts for cancer, overdose, and maternal deaths. A voluntary abortion count is the outlier — it leaves policymakers, researchers, and the public guessing about roughly a quarter of the total.

Supporters argue that asking for the same standard already applied elsewhere isn't ideological — it's basic data integrity, and the baseline for any evidence-based health policy.

— Sponsors of S.178 / H.R.627; Lozier Institute
The concern

The data's own keeper says stop

Here's the twist: the ~30% undercount figure comes from the Guttmacher Institute — and Guttmacher now argues that in the post-Dobbs climate, mandatory reporting's harms outweigh its benefits, and it specifically opposes tying federal funds to reporting.

The worry is that expanded collection could be turned toward surveilling or prosecuting patients and providers. The bill's answer is part 03 — aggregate, de-identified only. Whether that safeguard is enough is exactly where the fight is.

— Guttmacher Institute policy analysis, 2025